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Major Features in PHP 8.4
Best to know
May 12, 2025 411 Views 05 Comment 1.5k Share

1. ๐Ÿ”„ Property Hooks

  • Introduces __getProperty() and __setProperty() magic methods.

  • Lets you hook into property access without using overloading:

    php
    class MyClass {
    public function __getProperty(string $name): mixed {
        // Custom logic
    }

    public function __setProperty(string $name, mixed $value): void {
        // Custom logic
    }
}

2. ๐Ÿ” Asymmetric Visibility for Class Constants

  • You can now define public, protected, or private get/set visibility separately:

    php
    public const string $value { get; private set; }

3. ๐Ÿงฑ Database Driver-Specific PDO Subclasses

  • Adds better abstraction and features for each database:

    • \PDO\MySQL, \PDO\PostgreSQL, etc.

  • Improves type safety and provides specific driver methods.

4. ๐Ÿ’ค Lazy Objects

  • Lazy initialization of objects with the new Lazy attribute:

    php
    #[Lazy]
public SomeHeavyClass $service;

5. ๐ŸŒ HTML5 Support in DOM Extension

  • Better handling of HTML5 elements in DOMDocument and related classes.

  • Improves parsing and encoding.

6. ๐Ÿ“‰ Deprecations

Some functions and behaviors are deprecated to clean up legacy PHP, including:

  • Deprecated dynamic properties (continued from 8.2).

  • Deprecated partially supported syntax.

7. ๐Ÿง  Miscellaneous Improvements

  • Performance improvements via the JIT engine.

  • Better error messages and stack traces.

  • Internal engine refinements and reduced memory usage.

๐Ÿงช Compatibility

PHP 8.4 is mostly backward-compatible with 8.3, but:

  • Some legacy behaviors (like dynamic properties on non-#[AllowDynamicProperties] classes) may now emit warnings or be removed.

  • Itโ€™s wise to test your code thoroughly before upgrading.

Would you like a detailed migration guide or a checklist to upgrade your current PHP app to 8.4 safely

The DOM stands for Document Object Model. Itโ€™s a programming interface that allows you to interact with structured documents like HTML or XML as a tree of objects.

๐Ÿ” What is the DOM in Simple Terms?

Imagine an HTML or XML document like this:

html
<html>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello Worldh1>
  body>
html>

The DOM turns that into a tree of objects:

  • html is the root

    • body is a child of html

      • h1 is a child of body

        • Hello World is the text inside h1

So you can programmatically traverse, read, modify, or delete elements in the document using DOM methods.

๐Ÿงฐ What Is DOM Used for in PHP?

PHP has a built-in DOM extension that allows you to work with HTML and XML documents like objects, without manually parsing strings.

Example: Loading and reading an HTML document

php
$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->loadHTML('
Hello
');

$h1 = $dom->getElementsByTagName('h1')->item(0);
echo $h1->nodeValue;  // Outputs: Hello

โœ… Common Use Cases in PHP

  • Parsing and editing HTML or XML

  • Scraping HTML content

  • Generating valid XML/HTML documents

  • Working with RSS, SVG, XHTML, or SOAP

๐Ÿ”ง PHP DOM Extension Classes

Some key PHP classes:

  • DOMDocument

  • DOMElement

  • DOMNode

  • DOMXPath

  • DOMAttr

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